computer science

Read another interesting article on "Facebook."

New York, July 29, 2010

IANS

The personal details of 100 million users of social networking website Facebook are now available for download after they were leaked online.

Ron Bowles, an online security consultant, used a code to scan Facebook profiles, collected data not hidden by users' privacy settings, and compiled a list, which is now available as a downloadable file, containing the URL of every “searchable” Facebook user's profile, their name and unique ID, the BBC reported Thursday.

Bowles said he published the data to highlight privacy issues, but Facebook retorted by saying the information was already public.

“People who use Facebook own their information and have the right to share only what they want, with whom they want, and when they want,” the website said.


“In this case, information that people have agreed to make public was collected by a single researcher and already exists in Google, Bing, other search engines, as well as on Facebook.”

“No private data is available or has been compromised,” Facebook said.

The list has already been downloaded by over 1,000 people on Pirate Bay, the world's biggest file-sharing website.

List ‘terrifying'

One userby the name of ‘lusifer69' said the list was “awesome and a little terrifying”.

But internet watchdog Privacy International said Facebook had been given ample warning that something like this would happen.

“Facebook should have anticipated this attack and put measures in place to prevent it,” Simon Davies, an official of Privacy International, said.

“It is inconceivable that a firm with hundreds of engineers couldn't have imagined a trawl of this magnitude and there's an argument to be heard that Facebook have acted with negligence, he said.

Facebook hit 500 million users in June this year.

Source:
www.thehindu.com

hello to all planeteers!
friends, many of us use facebook, a popular social networking site. but do we know about its history? do we know that How Did the Facebook Originate? may be not. so guys, friends, just read the below artical and get some knollege about the history of this popular social networking site.
How did Facebook originate? Facebook is the name that some colleges give to a directory of students which has a photo included. The "Facebook" of today started with Mark Zuckerberg and has an interesting history.



Facemash
Facebook comes from “Facemash”, a site designed by Mark Zuckerberg to compare and rate photos of people. The site would randomly display two photos and the user would vote of the better looking of the two. Mark was a sophomore at Harvard University at the time, and it was a way to occupy his spare time.
The story behind this story tells of Mark being dumped by a girl, getting drunk, and he began blogging to get his mind off of her. He said in his blog that his dormitory, or house, had a facebook and some of the pictures where so ugly that they could be compared to farm animals. Later, he blogged that he liked the idea of comparing two people, and so the idea for Facemash was born.
Facebook was a simple idea of comparing people for fun and entertainment. Mark put together the facebooks of nine dorms and the site, which started on October 28, 2003, became very popular almost instantly, with 450 visitors the first few hours and 22,000 views of photos. If you are wondering where he got the photos, he hacked into the restricted areas of Harvard’s computers and copied them. Eventually, Harvard found out and charges were filed which included:
• Breach of security
• Privacy violations
• Copyright violations
All charges were later dropped.
How Did Facebook Originate?
The Facebook of today began on February 4, 2004. Mark had attended Phillips Exeter Academy, which published a student directory with head shots of the students and faculty that was called the "Facebook." That’s where he got the name for his website.
He decided that Harvard needed a facebook that would help students connect, and decided he was the man for the job. He got some help taking on this task from some friends: Eduardo Saverin, Dustin Moskovitz, Andrew McCollum, and Chris Hughes.
Thefacebook.com was Harvard’s facebook, and by March of that year, was being used by around half of the undergraduates there. Soon it grew to include other universities in the Boston area.
By the end of 2005, it was opened to high schools, and went out to the general public on the internet the year after that. The only stipulation to be on it was to be over the age of 13. Also in 2005, the domain name “facebook.com” was purchased for $200,000. At that point, Mark’s hobby became a business.



The Rest of the Story
The answer to, “How did Facebook originate?” is the name came from a facebook at a college and the idea for the website came from Mark Zuckerberg. Now you will know the rest of the story.
The business of running Facebook was formed by Zuckerberg and Moskovitz. They moved the operation to Palo Alto, California in the summer of 2004 and received financial assistance from PayPal co-founder Peter Theil.
In September, 2006, the Facebook site was open to anyone with an email address and who was over the age of 13. Since then, Facebook has grown to over 200,000 users. Other Facebook investors include Accel Partners and Greylock Partners.
In 2007, Microsoft invested $246 million for a 1.6% share. Later, a large investment was made by Li Ka-shing, a billionaire from Hong Kong. Yahoo! and Google tried to buy Facebook, but it was not for sale. Facebook also makes money from advertisers. This way, you can use facebook for free.
Facebook has grown in the number of features it offers. It has added more security and privacy features, a news feed, the ability to add photos to your blog or comments, and more. Time magazine called Mark Zuckerberg one of The World’s Most Influential People in 2008.
Author: Christy Rakoczy

hello planeteers,,
when one talks about internet, then the thought of google is Obvious.
but have you ever think about the history of the best and popular search engen, "google"?
may be not, if not, then read this artical and get some important information of our internet god. "google!"
Who Created Google?
Are you interested in how the Internet has developed, and have you wondered who created Google? Google is a multinational public computing and Internet search technology corporation. It’s used as a search engine, for mail, for calendars, and for a variety of different applications. However, what is the history behind this important corporation? When was it created, how was it created, and who created Google?

Who Created Google?
Google first began in March of 1996. It started as a research project by two students at Stanford. Who created Google? The students were Larry Page and Sergey Brin, and they were in a Ph.D. program at the university, working on the Stanford Digital Library Project.
While Page was attempting to come up with a dissertation topic, he considered writing about the mathematical properties of the World Wide Web and how the link structure can be actually understood as a huge graph. His supervisor liked the idea and encouraged Page to follow up on it.
While researching for the topic, Page focusing on discovering what web pages link to specific names, and the number and design of the backlinks for the information on a certain page. The research project was named “BackRub” and it soon caught the eye of Sergey Brin, a fellow student of Larry’s. Brin joined the project.
The Development of the PageRank Algorithm
Together, Brin and Page developed the PageRank algorithm to convert the backlink data that measured the importance of any given webpage. While they were analyzing the results from this, they realized that a search engine would in fact produce more efficient results than the current technologies.
The duo began to create the foundation for search engine, and by 1997, they had created the beginnings of Google. When it originated, it only used the Stanford website as a domain. The domain name was “google.standford.edu.” On September 15, 1997, the domain name “google.com” was registered. On September 4, 1998, they incorporated their company “Google Inc.” at a friend’s garage in California.
Google's Growth
Google quickly grew as a company and as a search engine. By the end of 1998, Google had an index of approximately sixty million pages. Even though the home page was still marked “BETA,” leading magazines were arguing that Google was more accurate and efficient than other leading search engines.
It was considered more innovative than some competitor sites, such as Yahoo, Hotbot, or Excite.com. In 1999, the company was able to move into an office building in California. In fact, the company’s address at the end of 1999 has remained its address throughout the last decade.


Why Was Google Successful?
Google became popular because users appreciated the search engine’s simple design. Then, in 2000, Google had the idea to sell advertisements associated with different search keywords.
To ensure that the simple design of Google was not compromised, the ads were text-based. Keywords were sold based on a number of different factors, such as price bid and click-throughs. The bids started at .05 per click.
Thus, Google was able to outlast other dot-com rivals, and its revenue rapidly increased. At its peak, in 2004, Google handled over eighty percent of all search requests on the World Wide Web through the Google website.
Google was also able to become successful because it was able to acquire funding throughout its startup period. In 1998, it secured one hundred thousand dollars in funding from Andy Bechtolsheim. Then, in 1999, Google was able to acquire twenty-five million dollars from different venture capital firms such as Sequoia Capital and Kleiner Perkins Caufield and Byers. In January of 2004, Google announced that it was hiring Morgan Stanley and Goldman Sachs Group to arrange an IPO. This IPO raised almost four billion dollars.
Thus, Google is an important company because of its innovation and its growth. Google was able to outlast the majority of other “dotcom” companies of its time and continue to grow as a company. Today, it continues to put out innovative and breakthrough products for its users.
Author: Christy Rakoczy

hello planateers, another tip that i found very useful. many times you might encountered with situations where you forgot to save your work, or your pc get hanged, as a result, you lost your valuable unsave data.
but dont worry, here is a tip to get back your valuable data. although this tip provides the way to recover the word document, but i think that any other kinds of files can be recovered as wel. so, read this artical,, try it, and let us know your experiences...
I Forgot to Save Word Document – How to Get it Back ?

Well, Yes, you can get it back,by default it saves a "backup" of the file every 10 minutes. Unless you’ve modified this option, you should be able to recover the most recent version of the backup file. But this option works only for Word 2003 and above.
How to Recover Content from Unsaved Word Document ?
From Searching Temp Folders
You Can easily get the unsa ved word file from a temporary folder on your C: Drive. In fact you can find many recently edited files here.
C:\Documents and Settings\your user name of computer \Application Data\Microsoft\Word
C:\Documents and Settings\your user name of computer \Local Settings\Temp
PS: These are Hidden Files. Look for the most recent files here and probably you will find it. (and definitely you need to change Debajyoti … it will be your user name)
Auto Recovery Feature in Word 2007
This is an amazing feature in word 2007. When you open Microsoft word once again after any sudden power loss or system crash. Word 2007 will try to recover the lost data automatically !

In fact this is the best way and the only way to get back your word file.
Make Sure you Never Lose your Word Data in Future
Go to Word and Click Word Options

Click on Advanced Tab and check Always create backup copy then Allow background saves that will help you to recover files automatically in the future.
author: debajyoti das.

hey planateers,
another good and informative artical about kookies
may be , you would have listen about internet kookies but probbably you might be unaware about its importants on the internet and the web brouzers. so, read this artical and extend your knollege about internet kookies!
How Do Websites Use Cookies?
Are you interested in technology and have you wondered how do websites use cookies? A cookie, also known as a tracking cookie, browser cookie, or HTTP cookie, is a text file that is stored on your computer by a website. The cookie can be used to track such information as shopping cart contents on websites, preferences, or authentication. Yet, what is the technology behind a cookie? How do websites use cookies?

What Are Cookies?
Cookies got their name from the longer term of “magic cookie.” A magic cookie is a packet of data that a program can receive and then send out again back to where it came from, unchanged.
In 1994, an individual by the name of Lou Montulli had the idea of using cookies on the Internet. Lou Montulli worked for Netscape, an Internet browser. When he was working there, Netscape was trying to solve the problem of a virtual shopping cart.
Montuilli’s ideas to use magic cookies solved this problem. Montulli then wrote the Netscape cookie specification code. This code was then used in the next version of Netscape that was released that year—Version 0.9 beta of Mosaic Netscape. Netscape used the cookies to track the individuals who visited the Netscape site. The patents for cookies were grated in 1998, and support for cookies was then developed by Internet Explorer.
How Do Websites Use Cookies?
So, then how do websites use cookies? A website uses the cookie software and code for a variety of different reasons. Depending upon what the website is attempting to use the cookie for will influence how the website uses the cookie. For example, cookies can be used to track an individual’s time on a website.
The cookies can be used to store data about a user during his or her navigation of a website, even over a number of visits. When a cookie is used like this, it can be used as a shopping cart application on the website.
Today, a shopping cart application shows the items in the basket on a database on the server. However, before this was used, the information was stored on the cookie. The website sends a cookie a unique session identifier for the individual using the website. The website repeats the same session identifier each time the individual requests that a new item be placed in his or her basket. This items are then placed in the shopping basket associated with the session identifier.

Personalization and Tracking
Cookies can also be used by websites to personalize the website for each user. A website may use a cookie that contains the username of the last individual who logged in, so that it is more convenient for the user to log back into the website on his or her home computer. Further, when users select certain personalization on a website, this information is stored on cookies. The technology behind how this works is very similar to how shopping baskets on websites use cookies.
Websites may also use cookies to track users and users’ browsing. This is frequently done to track what type of websites that the user likes to visit. How can the website do this? If a website contains tracking cookies, and you request a page on the website and the website has no record of you visiting the site before, then it presumes this is your first visit.
The website server then creates a unique identification for you, and sends it to the cookie. The cookie is then automatically sent back to the browser every time you log back onto that website. In the time in between, the cookie has stored every website you’ve visited since you first were on the website to your return to the website. Depending on the website, there may be a variety of reasons for using cookies to track you. For example, the website may want to track your shopping habits.
Author: Christy Rakoczy

hello planateers!,
happy sunday to all!
well planateers, on this cool sunday, i found a very nice and very informative artical about the history about world wibe web. so planateers, pleas spare some of your valuable moments to explore the history of world wibe web.

Who Invented the World Wide Web?
Are you interested in how technology has developed, and have you wondered who invented the World Wide Web? The World Wide Web is an information medium throughout the world in which individuals can read information from the Internet and write information onto the Internet using computers. Yet, how did it develop? Who invented the World Wide Web?

Who Invented the World Wide Web
The history behind the World Wide Web began in 1980. An independent contractor for the European Organization for Nuclear Research, Tim Berners-Lee, built a database called ENQUIRE.
The database was for people and software models, but users could also use hypertext on the database. Each new page of information on the database could be linked to another, already existing, page.
In 1984, Berners-Lee wrote a proposal for a large hypertext database with typed links to solve the problem that a number of scientists were having around the world.
Scientists needed to share information with each other, but there were no common machines or programs to allow them to do that. Berners-Lee then began to work on this idea and writing the system at his NeXT workstation. It was here that he decided to name the program the World Wide Web, after throwing out such other names as “The Information Mine” and “Mine of Information.”
He began working with a partner, Robert Cailliau. This partner improved Berners-Lee’s original proposal and it was published on November 12, 1990.
How the World Wide Web Developed
At this point in development, vendor and companies were still not interested in funding the project. By December of 2009, all the requirements for the World Wide Web were built and designed.
The requirements that were necessary for the World Wide Web to work included the following tools: the HyperText Transfer Protocol, the first HTTP server software, the first web server, and the first web pages. This first model of the World Wide Web could only run on Berners-Lee’s Use of the Web
At its beginning, the World Wide Web was mainly used by universities and scientists. The first web users would frequently bookmark the directory pages, or go to the NCSA “What’s New” page. There weren’t search engines at this early stage, but users could search using sites that were all indexed by one source, such as WAIS.
Unfortunately, outside of the computers on the NeXT system, there wasn’t a graphical browser option available. However, in 1992, this problem was fixed. Erwise, an application that came from the Helsinki University of Technology, solved this problem.
Then, Pei-Yuan Wei improved upon the design with the creation of ViolaWWW. This application had such features as embedded graphics, scripting, and animation. In 1993, with the introduction of the Mosiac web browser, the Web began to evolve into what it is today.Thus, the answer to who invented the World Wide Web is that it was the brain child of Tim Berners-Lee. However, a number of other inventors and individuals assisted him along the way.
Author: Christy Rakoczy
NeXT workstation however.
Another individual soon joined the team named Nicola Pellow. He designed a simple text browser. This text browser solved the NeXT problem, and it could run on almost any computer. The creators then put the telephone directory for the company at which they worked on the World Wide Web. This encouraged fellow employers to explore and use the new invention.
Marketing of the World Wide Web
In August of 1991, Berners-Lee posted a summary of the World Wide Web’s features and capabilities on the alt.hypertext newsgroup. The World Wide Web was officially marketed as a public service that was available through the Internet.
In September of 1991, Paul Kunz visited the company and was impressed with the World Wide Web. He brought the software back with him, and a librarian adapted the World Wide Web for the operating system on IBM’s mainframe. It was used to display a catalogue of documents. This was the first time the World Wide Web was used in North America, and it was the first time it was used outside of Europe.
Use of the WebAt its beginning, the World Wide Web was mainly used by universities and scientists. The first web users would frequently bookmark the directory pages, or go to the NCSA “What’s New” page. There weren’t search engines at this early stage, but users could search using sites that were all indexed by one source, such as WAIS.

Unfortunately, outside of the computers on the NeXT system, there wasn’t a graphical browser option available. However, in 1992, this problem was fixed. Erwise, an application that came from the Helsinki University of Technology, solved this problem.

Then, Pei-Yuan Wei improved upon the design with the creation of ViolaWWW. This application had such features as embedded graphics, scripting, and animation. In 1993, with the introduction of the Mosiac web browser, the Web began to evolve into what it is today.Thus, the answer to who invented the World Wide Web is that it was the brain child of Tim Berners-Lee. However, a number of other inventors and individuals assisted him along the way.

Author: Christy Rakoczy

Hey planeteers, warm welcome, hi, hello, this that and more.

Even after vacations, it took me long to write this episode.
Gosh, time flies, at least for me.

Anyways,
Tell me, how many times it has happened, that you have transferred a software from your friend’s computer to yours, but you are unable to find the right executable file for it?

Have you ever wondered, why the setup of the software which you have inserted the CD for, starts automatically, in original or professional CDs, but not yours?

Have you ever desired, that as soon as a CD/DVD that you have made for your friend of that game is inserted, the setup of game should appear on the screen without searching for its setup?


Have you ever desired of a method, from which you could make it possible for your CD of that important powerpoint presentation to run the presentation file automatically as soon as you insert the CD in the CD drive?

For screen reader users, specially those you have used the USB version of NVDA, should be able to tell, how frustrating it was, when you had to start narrator first to let your NVDA run. It could be wonderful if the NVDA could start its own as you soon the cd inserted.


Actually, what you are desiring for, is a feature called autorun, and the good news is, that this episode will fulfill the desire for you.
You’re Excited? Even me!

Oh, and here I would like to tell that the reason of writing this episode on autorun is because one of the coollest planeteers and my good friend,
sunil sangtani

wanted me to talk about it.
Thanks, sunil for giving me this chance.
Hope I would be able to clear your doubts about it .



Contrary to what you may have heard from the RIAA, burning a CD or DVD is not illegal. In many situations, the burned CD is the best way to distribute information to a target audience. For communications involving PowerPoint presentations, HTML, PDF forms, Flash animations, or a number of other applications, the portable and durable CD has become a common delivery method.

To carryout the autorun operation in any CD/DVd/USB drive, you must require to have the autorun.inf file in the same CD.
In other words, you will have to code the autorun.inf file at your own, and this is how you can make all the above desires fulfilled.

So, what is this Autorun.inf file?

Autorun.inf is the primary instruction file associated with the Autorun function. Autorun.inf itself is a simple text-based configuration file that tells
the operating system which executable to start, which icon to use, and which additional menu commands to make available. In other words, autorun.inf tells Windows how to deal open the presentation and treat the contents of the CD.

Technically, The entire sequence is initiated when the "disk change notification" polling discovers a new disk in the CD or DVD ROM drive. Then, if the "Auto insert notification"
feature is enabled (it is by default), Windows checks in the new disk's root directory for the existence of an "autorun.inf" file. If found, Windows then reads and follows the specific instructions this file defines. If no autorun.inf file is found, then Windows refers to the new disk by its serial number and executes the default actions associated with the (data or audio) content on the disk.

The Autorun.inf Defines the following:
The process or application that will automatically run when a disk is inserted
Optionally, one can define the process or application that will run for specific Operating environments.
Icon Representing CD or DVD
The icon that will represent your application's CD or DVD when the drive is viewed with My Computer or Explorer.
Menu Commands when CD-ROM is clicked
Menu commands displayed when the user right-clicks the CD-ROM icon from My Computer or Explorer.

By reading its features above, you must be wondering, that why the heck I’m asking you to do all those sorts of stuff, this looks like a massive exercise.


If you are thinking that its going to be difficult to make such a Cd then Waite.

All you need to do is to open your notepad, write a few lines, and save the file.
all the above mentioned features will then be included in your CD/DVD/USB drive.

Ok, so how to write an autorun.inf file:

Let’s start from something very simple first.
Below is a basic configuration of the autorun.inf file that states the program that is to be run when the CD or DVD is inserted in the drive and the icon that is to be displayed when the disk is viewed by Windows Explorer or other directory listing application. The text-only file, which resides in the root directory of the CD,
In the notepad, type the following:

[autorun]
open=autorun.exe
icon=autorun.ico

now, replace the “autorun.exe” with the name of the executable file which you would want your CD to load as soon as it has inserted.

replace “autorun.ico” with the icon file you would want to represent your application's CD or DVD when the drive is viewed with My Computer or Explorer.
If you don’t know this, you can even write the name of the same executable file that you have written with open. The icon of that E X E file will appear there.

You must have got a drift that you have defined in your simple autorun.inf file that which file should be opened automatically, and which icon should be displayed.
The additional “[autorun]” is essential in all the autorun files, as this indicates your windows that this is an autorun file and the commands following are needed to be performed.

Now, save this file as autorun.inf
don’t forget to include this file in the root directory of the CD that you are making.

You are done!

Well, ok, you’ve learned the basic, but something still missing.
With the above mentioned method, if you have to write the name of a file that’s not .EXE then it won’t be opened.
This is, because open = command supports only executable files to be opened, and so the .doc files, PPT files, PDF files and others can not be opened with above method.

What to do then?

Sending customers, salespeople, investors, and employees presentations, PDF files, and HTML documents requires a slight variation to the basic autorun.inf file. One solution is the addition of a DOS batch file to the CD root directory. The autorun.inf file opens a batch file, which then opens the file using
the default program designated for that file type. For example:

[autorun]
open=autorun.bat index.htm
icon=autorun.ico

but here is a problem.
You will have to make that additional bat file, which isn’t needed.

Instead, you could use the shellexecute and then the name of the file you would want to open.

Example:
Shellexecute=myPresentation.PPT


The shellexecute command is more flexible than the open command and will allow you to open nearly any file on a PC in its native application, so can be used for PDFs, Word files, web pages and movies where the open command would not work. However this function was only introduced by Microsoft in Windows 2000 and so will only work in Windows 2000, Windows Me, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003 and later.

Apart from these, there also are some more commands with autorun which can be used for advance level of features.


Lebel=

Text that will be written after this command will be displayed as the name of CD/DVD in my computer or windows explorer.

SHELL =

The SHELL command specifies a default command for the drive's shortcut menu. The shortcut menu of the drive is the menu that is opened when the user right
clicks on the drive icon.

SHELL\VERB =

The SHELL\VERB command adds a custom command to the drive's shortcut menu. This custom command can for example be used to launch an application on the
CD/DVD.

ACTION =

ACTION is a command that was introduced with Windows XP SP2. It is not supported in Windows before that. This command specifies a text that should be shown
as the first option in the Windows Autoplay dialog, together with the icon specified by the ICON. This option is always selected by default and if the
user accepts the option, the application specified by the OPEN or SHELLEXECUTE entry in the media's Autorun.inf file is launched. As an alternative, the
SHELLEXECUTE command can also specify a document instead of an application.


Well, there may be somethings which you might have been finding niggling, but its all so easy, and experimenting with these will make it all possible and perhaps, will interest you as well.

If there’s something that I could not explain well, point it out, and I’ll try doing for you.


That’s all for this time.
Keep smiling until I come with next episode.

Time for me to sign off,
Ciao!

hello planateers,today am here again with very useful tips to save your laptop in case of lickwid damage, so read this, and use only if these situation encountered with your laptop.
#1 Act Fast – Shut Down! – Instead of panicking and cursing yourself, immediately remove the battery, the A/C adapter, and unplug the device after the spill. The biggest danger at first is the device shorting out.
#2 Keep Yourself Ready – The best way to avoid any damage from laptop liquid spill damage is by keeping yourself ready. Make sure you have the following items nearby. – Paper towels, cotton swabs, ear buds, Towels etc.
#3 Turn your Laptop – Turn it to drain out excess water (see video). If its any other liquid, take a second to assess the location and quantity of the spill. If it’s just a few drops on a keyboard, you might be able to get away with prying off the surrounding keys and wiping down the affected area. Use alcohol swabs, which break up stains and dry very quickly.
If the spill doesn’t appear to be limited to the surface of the keys and the parts below them, then scrub up—it’s time for surgery. (Follow Step 5 before)
#5 Let it Dry - Be completely sure that the parts are dry before you proceed. As with rinsing, there are different theories on drying:
• Dry naturally. Prop the machine up, away from surfaces, so that air can circulate in and around the entire unit. Leave the machine to dry for 24 to 48 hours.
• Dry with light heat. Place your deck on a warm radiator or on top of a warm sill or shelf – out of direct sunlight – or near other source of warmth. Do not use high levels of heat, just moderately warm sources of heat. Let it dry for 12 hours, or so. A nearby dehumidifier may improve drying time. High heat will drive moisture and humidity further into the device and will ensure ongoing problems as that moisture causes oxidation and corrosion.

#6 Take it Apart – Using your tiny screwdriver open up the device. Obviously there’s no one-size-fits-all guide for taking apart gadgets, but here are a few guidelines to follow:
• You may need to use some force to pry apart your device, but be careful, especially with circuit boards. If something seems to be taking more force to pull apart than it should, check again for hidden screws.
• Be careful to save all your screws as you go. Don’t just throw them all into a coffee mug, either, because most gadgets have several different-size screws in them, and you’ll need to remember which goes where when you put everything back together.
• If something is particularly complicated, and you’re afraid you won’t be able to put it back when you’re done, grab a digital camera and snap some photos before you start taking stuff apart.
• Your ultimate goal is to expose any circuit boards or other electronics that might have gotten spilled on. If you’re taking apart a laptop, this means you’ll need to isolate the motherboard.
• #7 Clean It Off – Once you’ve exposed the circuitry in your device, you’ll have to clean off the stain. If you can see that the stain is contained in a certain part of the board, you can use alcohol swabs, as described above, to clean it off. If an entire circuit board is soiled, you’ll need to resort to more drastic measures: completely disconnect it from the rest of the gadget and run it under soapy water.
• Wipe off everything with towels, swabs and ear buds. Dry them off completely (Step 5 again). Put back everything together and hope for some luck. All the Best !!


Disclaimer: am not responsible for any harm if you try these tips, I found this article on the web, and I have posted it to let you know the steps that you may or may not take the time of emergency

dear sir,

I am facing a big problem. my problem is that by mistakely, I have quick erase my rewritable CD, which contains JAWS 11. sir, please suggest me, that is there any software which allows us to retrieve my data? sir, if I have lost my JAWS 11, there is no chance to download again, because I am using mobile internet. and I had brought this software from my friend, who is right now in delhi for certain years.

hence, I am closing my message, sir, if its possible, please suggest me about lost data recover.

thank you!

hello planateers! have you ever think that how computer viruses were created? who made the first virus? what was the name of first computer virus?

probbably you wouldnt. so, pleas read this artical and know the history of scary computer viruses!


by Justin Pot on Jun. 19th, 2010Today it’s pretty uncommon to scan a Windows computer and not find at least one virus. These pieces of self-replicating code mimic their genetic namesake, spreading themselves as quickly as possible. They are so much a part of modern life that you’d think they were around since the first computer.

They weren’t. These modern marvels which are no force of nature have only been around for about 50 years, and every one of them is created by a human coder. Some do it for thrills, some do it for cash and some do it out of sheer boredom; all of them annoy the vast majority of computer users greatly.

Like most inventions, viruses have a history. Let’s take a look at the history of computer viruses and where the modern computer virus came from.


1944: In Theory
John von Neumann – the brilliant mathematician who helped bring us nuclear energy, game theory and quantum theory’s operating mechanics – theorized about the existence of computer viruses as early 1944. In a series of lectures called “Theory of self-reproducing automata” von Neumann contemplated the difference between computers and the human mind, and also about the possibility of self-relicating computer code.

Considering the modern computer virus is, essentially, self-replicating computer code adds to von Neumann’s impressive academic achievements, as such code is commonplace today.

Early 1960’s: The Creeper
One of the first viruses in history came over 20 years after von Neumann’s talks, and was called “Creeper.” This program managed to crawl its way around computer networks in the early 60’s via the ARPANET, an early precursor to the Internet.

So what damage did Creeper do to computers it infected? None, unless you count displaying the text “I’m the Creeper, catch me if you can!” damage. You could say it was more playful than anything, but it was a powerful proof of concept.

By 1974 there were already harmful viruses in the wild: Wabit was a virus that would replicate itself again and again until all system resources of a machine were utilized, crashing the machine entirely.

1982: Elk Clone
But such viruses couldn’t affect too many machines in a world where computers where uncommon and ran a wide variety of operating systems. Apple computers changed both those things in the late 70s, and by the early 80s the Apple computer was in thousands of households.

This, of course, opened the way for viruses to really spread. A program called Elk Cloner, written by a 15-year-old, spread itself via floppy disks. Like Creeper it really didn’t do a lot of damage; it would occasionally display a poem taunting the end-user and simply spread itself.



Rich Skrenta, the virus’s creater, called it “some dumb little practical joke.” That may have been so to him, but viruses would soon grow far beyond that.

The 1980s would see viruses appear for all the major platforms including IBM, Amiga, and even BSD UNIX. The diversity of computer operating systems on the market prevented viruses from spreading too quickly, however. That would change in the 90s.

1990’s: Windows Monoculture
Jump forward to 1995 and the vast majority of computers on the planet are running Microsoft Windows. This makes computers accessible to a larger number of people than ever before, but also creates a mono-culture in which viruses spread very quickly.

Another thing happened around this time that also helped viruses become commonplace: the birth of the modern Internet. The web changed the way we communicate, but also changed the way viruses spread. No longer contained on floppy discs, viruses could spread themselves very quickly in the Internet age.

By 1995 macro viruses began spreading via Microsoft Word. The sheer number of computer users with Microsoft Outlook installed meant viruses could spread quickly via email. Even instant messaging was compromised. Peer to peer networks like Napster, Limewire and Bittorrent all became common ways for viruses to spread as well.

Essentially any way information can travel can be utilized by viruses. In 2006 some iPods were even sold with viruses on them.



A seemingly eternal fight between virus creators and companies providing protection from viruses is still taking place. Viruses are significantly less common today as security improves, but still not completely eliminated.

The vast majority of viruses today infect the Windows operating system. There are a couple of reasons for this. The first is that Windows is by far the most common platform, meaning it is by far the platform most vulnerable to infection. Beyond this, however, alternative systems such as Linux and Mac OS X are less vulnerable to viruses because they lack a single registry and have stricter policies regarding what the user can and can’t edit without administrative rights.

The Worst Of Today
As with any sector of technology, viruses are always evolving. One of the fastest moving viruses today is Virus.Win32.Virut.ce, according to a recent article at SecureList. This virus is particularly good at inserting itself into software on your computer in such a way that it is difficult to remove.

Some software is more vulnerable to viruses than others, and right now the target de jour is Adobe’s suite of software. There are many viruses taking advantage of the ubiquity of Adobe Reader, for example, the most common of which right now is Exploit.Win32.Pdfka, according to Kaspersky. This virus, embedded in some PDF files, launches Javascript code that downloads files from the Internet without your consent.

There are always new viruses appearing “in the wild.” If you want to read about them as they come out, I highly recommend you check out Securelist.

If you want to read more about the history of computer viruses, I recommend Wikipedia’s fascinating timeline about computer viruses history or Snopes’ list of virus hoaxes and realities.

Conclusion
In the early days viruses were written for fun. Today viruses don’t seem that fun, particularly to someone with corrupted data. You can protect yourself, however. you may download topp free antivirus programs for Windows from searching on various search engins on the web.

Do you have any cool stories from the early history of computer viruses? Please share in the comments below! Please also share if you have anything to add to the admittedly brief history of viruses outlined above. Knowledge may not spread as quickly as a computer virus but it is far more useful. Share it below.

(By) Justin Pot is a Boulder, Colorado-based freelance journalist, blogger and IT professional.

Heres a tip To have your PC Cursor or JAWS cursor speak the line it is on when you hit either the PC cursor or JAWS cursor.

do the following:

1. Hit Control+Shift+0 to launch the Script Manager with the default script file loaded into the editor.
2. Hit Control+L to pop up a list of the functions and scripts within this file.
3. Type the word "JAWS" to be placed on the list item starting with those letters, then arrow down to JAWS CURSOR and hit Enter to be placed within that script's text.
4. Arrow down to the line that reads SayFormattedMessage (OT_STATUS, cmsg10_L, cmsg10_S) ;"invisible Cursor" and hit the End key to get to the end of that line.
5. Hit Enter to create a blank line, then type the command SayLine() on that blank line.
6. Arrow down to the EndScript line and hit Home.
7. Type the command SayLine() and hit Enter.
8. Hit Control+S to save and compile the new changes.

Whenever you hit the Invisible cursor or JAWS cursor, you'll get the cursor announced, and the current line read, giving you a bearing on where that cursor is located on the screen.

To have the PC cursor do the same when it is invoked (which, by the way, makes a great Read Current Line keystroke), follow steps one and two above, then.
3. Type the word "PC" to be placed on the list item starting with those letters, then arrow down to PcCURSOR and hit Enter to be placed within that script's text.
4. Arrow down to the EndScript line and hit Home.
5. Type the command SayLine() and hit Enter.
6. Hit Control+S to save and compile the new changes.

Now, invoke those cursors and hear the difference.

Recently I came across the info that screen reader users need a ‘java access bridge’ to interact with applications using java.
Can programmers on the planet tell the rest of us briefly about function of this access bridge and answers a few questions below:
*Where do I go in my PC to check whether I have the ‘java access bridge’ and what files ?names am I suppose to look for to show the ‘access bridge’ exist in my PC

*if after checking, there is no java Access bridge, where do I go to get necessary files?
*how and where to install said files.
*any special configuration needed for the access bridge to interact with screen reader and PC.
*Does JAWS need any special scripts for java access bridge and if yes where to get them?

Another bit of info found in wikipedia:
“Microsoft no longer ships Java with Windows, and in recent versions of Windows, Internet Explorer cannot support Java applets without a third-party plugin. Sun, and others, have made available free Java run-time systems for those and other versions of Windows.“

Final question,
*where to get this java runtime codes?
thanks, see2

Ever experienced this? You ask Google to look something up; the engine returns with a number of finds, but if you try to open the ones with the most promising content, you are confronted with a registration page instead, and the stuff you were looking for will not be revealed to you unless you agree to a credit card transaction first.... The lesson you should have learned here is: Obviously Google can go where you can't. Can we solve this problem? Yes, we can. We merely have to convince the site we want to enter, that WE ARE GOOGLE. In fact, many sites that force users to register or even pay in order to search and use their content, leave a backdoor open for the Googlebot, because a prominent presence in Google searches is known to generate sales leads, site hits and exposure.
Examples of such sites are Windows Magazine, .Net Magazine, Nature, and many, many newspapers around the globe. How then, can you disguise yourself as a Googlebot? Quite simple: by changing your browser's User Agent. Copy the following code segment and paste it into a fresh notepad file. Save it as Useragent.reg and merge it into your registry.

Code:
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\Curr entVersion\Internet Settings\5.0\User Agent]
@="Googlebot/2.1"
"Compatible"=

Download link

+http://www.googlebot.com/bot.html

Voila! You're done!
You may always change it back again.... I know only one site that uses you User Agent to establish your eligebility to use its services, and that's the Windows Update site...
To restore the IE6 User Agent, save the following code to NormalAgent.reg and merge with your registry:

Code:
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\Curr entVersion\Internet Settings\5.0\User Agent]
@="Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)"


thank you!

Hello planeters!I am Raju singh, a new subscriver. though I am not a good computer users, yet I have prepared an articals about adding JAWS script (any version) that is, Heres a tip to make JAWS play a sound when you copy, cut or paste:

1. find a .wav sound you want to hear for each of the three, and rename them to the below:

ClipboardChanged.WAV
Cut.wav
Paste.wav

Now copy the sound files you just renamed to your:

C:\WINDOWS\Media folder.

1. Hit Insert+0 to open the script manager, then hit Control+Shift+D to open the default script file.
2. hit Control+L to be placed in the list of scripts.
3. type C until you get to ClipboardChangedEvent and hit enter to be placed into that function.
4. arrow down to the end of that script, which will say:

let ClipBoardTextChanged = false
EndFunction

5. While on the line EndFunction hit the home key to get to the beginning of that line and hit enter to place a blank line above that line.
6. now past in the following line exactly as below:

PlaySound ("C:\\WINDOWS\\Media\\ClipboardChanged.wav")
It should look like below now:

let ClipBoardTextChanged = false
PlaySound ("C:\\WINDOWS\\Media\\ClipboardChanged.wav")
EndFunction

now hit Control+S to compile the script.

Now hit Control+L again and hit the letter P until you find paste from clipboard and enter to be placed into that script.
1. arrow down to the end which will be the following:

SayFormattedMessage (OT_JAWS_MESSAGE, cmsg53_L, cmsg53_S)
EndScript

2. while on the line EndScript hit the home key to get to the beginning of that line and hit enter to place a blank line above it.
3. past in the following:

PlaySound ("C:\\WINDOWS\\Media\\Paste.wav")
It should look like below:

SayFormattedMessage (OT_JAWS_MESSAGE, cmsg53_L, cmsg53_S)
PlaySound ("C:\\WINDOWS\\Media\\Paste.wav")
EndScript

now hit Control+S to compile the script.

Hit Control+L again for the list of scripts.
1. hit the letter C till you come to the script cut to cllipboard and hit enter to be placed into that script.
2. arrow down to the end of the script which will be the following lines:

TypeKey (cksCut)
EndScript

3. hit home while on the line end script to put a blank line above that line and past in the below:

PlaySound ("C:\\WINDOWS\\Media\\Cut.wav")
4. It should now look like below:

TypeKey (cksCut)
PlaySound ("C:\\WINDOWS\\Media\\Cut.wav")
EndScript

now hit Control+S to compile the script and alt + F4 to exit.

Now you will hear sounds when you cut, copy or paste. Minor alterations such as that make JFW more friendly to the user, and you.

june 11, 2010






--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

It makes checking e-mail as easy as checking SMS


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------



Bangalore: Microsoft India has announced that Hotmail users can now get e-mail alerts by SMS without GPRS connection and for free.

The Hotmail users need to log on to www.mobile.live.com, feed their mobile number and enter te verification code received on mobile to get started, the company said in a statement.

“With this fun and simple service, you can forget about going to the cyber cafe or logging on to your computer every time you want to check your mails,” it said.

This service makes checking e-mail as easy as checking SMS.

“You can now receive, read and reply to e-mails on your SMS. The service also enables efficient viewing of e-mails by specifying the e-mail address/domain from which you'd like to receive alerts on your SMS,” the company said.

Out of the 506 million mobile users in India, only 18 million have GPRS on their mobile phones.

With e-mail access available only to a mere four per cent of the total mobile user base, ‘Hotmail alert on your SMS' breaks all technological barriers and helps one stay connected anytime, anywhere. All one needs is a Hotmail/Live ID and a mobile phone, the company said. -- PTI

source: the hindu

Hey planeteers,
Welcome indeed, to this yet another exciting episode of tech it easy.

I’ve been extremely busy during the whole year, with studies, projects, presentations, meetings, conferences, seminars, concerts, hangouts, and what not.
Now, when i’m having vacations currently, you can imagine how relieved I might be feeling these days.
Yeah, a lot of days of my vacations have already passed, and it was a good nice time.
I’ve done almost all the things I’ve planned for this time’s vacations, and things which are left I’ll do in a few more remaining ones.
These days, I’m just in a calming mood, freaky swings and so on.
Remember, it was said by Oscar Wiled,

Too much work, and no vacation,
Deserves at least a small libation.
So hail! my friends, and raise your glasses,
Work's the curse of the drinking classes.

Anyways, this is not my personal diary writing place or blog that I’m writing about all these crap stuff. All that I wanted to say that I’m trying some cool things on computer one-by-one, and I tell you, the list is long of all those softwares i’ve listed to try in free time.
Along with this, I’m also reading your fantastic posts on different channels at I planet whenever feasible, and trying to answer them according to my little understanding.
Recently, my most favorite, mr.
deon

has written a post on
All about Screen Readers
entitled
notePad and jaws

while reading, I thought, “seems like , I have an answer for it. Why not write an episode on it?”.

as he said, jaws or any other screen reader does not work that well with notepad, while we all know that notepad is pretty much required application specially for programmers, or all those who loves to try something in programming, may it be html, xml, c, c++, batch or whatever else.

So, is there any solution?

Yes, there is.

Firstly,
There is a set of jaws scripts, that makes the notepad accessible for you.
Though it doesn’t yet make it hundred percent accessible, but you can’t deny that it improves the accessibility of jaws with notepad.
Those who would like to try at their own should point their browsers to:
here



so, I said that the scripts above makes your notepad somewhat accessible with jaws, but still, it does not make it hundred% accessible.
Moreover, the question in mr.deon’s post was actually, “is there an alternative of notepad?”


Well, of course there is. Not just one, but several cool alternatives are there, all worth trying, and neat ones too.

Don’t you think we should take a quick look to all those without much ado?
Ah, as your orders, here we go!


Wordpad:
Available in all the windows, wirdPad is a neat alternative to notepad for anyone, specially the screen reader users.
Your jaws works fine with wordPad, because it uses the same set of scripts used in Microsoft word.
It’s a bit mysterious to me that why don’t much people use wordpad, but I love it, specially while developing programs for dos.

If we talk a little about its features, here is a cool list I can give to you:
1. With WordPad, you can create and edit simple text documents or documents with complex formatting and graphics. 2. You can link or embed information from other documents into a WordPad document.
3. You can save your WordPad file as a text file, rich text file, text file for MS-DOS, or Unicode. These formats provide greater flexibility when working with other programs. Documents that use multiple languages should be saved as rich text files.

Of course, these are just a few!


Jarte editor:
Jarte is a unique free word processor (a paid version is also available though), which detects the existence of a screen reader on the system and makes all its features accessible. It is based on the Wordpad engine with many enhancements. It can run from a flash drive and open Word 2007 and 2003 files.
here is the download page for jart


UltraEdit:
This is An Advanced editor program a combination of Text, HTML, and hex editor.
Primarily written for programmers and software developers, it serves great even to basic computer users an alternative of their notepad application.

UltraEdit will allow you to write and edit for HEX, HTML, PHP and other programming languages. There are many advanced features that include syntax highlighting/coloring
for many languages, as well as Code folding, Brace Matching, HEX Editing, Style Builder and Column/Block editing. Text formatting, alignment and centering
are also featured. Supports files sizes 4GB and larger.
You can download UltraEdit
here


textPad:
a one more sleek text editor and one of the best alternatives to notepad,
TextPad is a powerful, general purpose editor for plain text files. Easy to use, with all the features a power user requires.
When just getting the job done is work enough, the last thing you need is to waste time having to learn yet another computer application. Your experience with other tools should be relevant to each new application, making it possible to sit down and use that new application right away.

That's why TextPad® is so popular. Whether you simply need a powerful replacement for Notepad, a tool for editing your web pages, or a programming IDE,
TextPad does what you want, the way you would expect.
here is the textPad download page


EdSharp:
EdSharp is a free, open source, and highly productive text editor that works on almost any version of Windows. It is rich in features, quick in performance,
and accessible by design.
click here to download edSharp

yeah, so on this cool list above, you are advised to take a look of all the little goodies, and I’m sure, you gonna love your experience with these sleek little programs. Even, if you are so much satisfied with your Microsoft word.


This brings the end of this episode.

Keep sending your questions and queries to me, I love answering them with what little I know.

Time for me to bind up this episode.
Till I come with the next one,
Keep smiling and keep exploring all the nice posts on our beloved, inclusive planet.

This is Prateek signing off from presentation area,
Ciao!

friends, this article I read in march or april 2009
it is important for all of us to know the emergence of internet.
so don't wait anymore read it please!

Jayati Ghosh
Nov.03 : Forty years ago, on October 29, 1969, a network link was established between two mainframe computers, one in the University of California, Los Angeles, and the other at the Stanford Research Institute, both in the United States, through a system known as "data packet switching". This network was known as the ARPANET, because the idea originated within an informal research group at the United State Government’s Department of Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). This group was led by the head of the agency, J.C.R. Licklider, a visionary scientist who as early as 1960 had called for a network of computers connected to one another by wide-band communication lines which, he anticipated, could provide the functions of libraries as well as information storage and retrieval and other symbiotic functions.
ARPANET became the technical core of what would eventually become the Internet. The problem was one of connecting separate physical networks to form one logical network. By 1973, a system was worked out whereby the differences between network protocols were hidden by using a common "internetworking protocol", which meant that the concept of the network could be separated from its physical implementation. This spread of Internetworking began to form into a global network that eventually came to be called "the Internet", based on standardised protocols that were officially implemented in 1982.
Originally, the development and use of the Internet was confined to the military, the government and some privileged universities in the US. Over the 1980s, the technology and the networking possibilities began to be spread across the world. ARPANET was overtaken by the rapidity of technological change elsewhere, and the project ended in 1990 to be replaced by newer networking technologies. Commercial activities were allowed by the US Congress in 1992, leading to the emergence of private Internet service providers and new commercial applications. By the end of the 1980s, the Internet had entered Asia, with institutions in Japan, Singapore, China and even Thailand becoming early users.
In 1989, Tim Berners-Lee, a scientist working in the European government-funded CERN in Geneva, invented a network-based implementation of hypertext that could find and organise files and information, effectively becoming a way of organising the Internet. He made this technology publicly available, and it resulted in the World Wide Web. The computer he used at CERN became the first Web server. Web browsers like Mosaic and Netscape were developed in the early 1990s.
The rest is not yet history, because technological change in this area continues apace, and is even now dispersed to many parts of the world. Although the original development was largely concentrated in official defence and scientific circles, subsequently invention and innovation has become extraordinarily decentralised, so much so that the legions of books on the history of the Internet find it difficult to record the developments accurately and comprehensively.
New technologies and applications are constantly being developed, and the remarkable possibilities that already have been opened up by instantaneous human communication almost defy imagination. It has been said that the Internet is as much a collection of communities as it is a collection of technologies, and the technology is being constantly pushed in particular directions by meeting needs of these Internet communities as well as using members to further develop the technology.
The euphoria generated by this and related technologies was at least partly responsible for the dotcom bubble, which led to significant over-investment in some commercial applications that could not generate profits. However, while the bursting of that bubble did lead to an economic recession in 2000 and 2001, the proliferation of technological development has continued.
And, meanwhile, it has changed the contours of human life with amazing rapidity. While the digital divide does indeed remain a major issue, those who have access to the Internet have found their lives transformed. For many people who keep discovering or benefiting from particular applications, it can seem to be too good to be true.
The development of mobile phone technology has changed the nature of access, as more and more people in the developing world turn to mobile phones to access the Internet. In developing Asia, it is estimated that the majority of Internet users now access the net by phone instead of computer.
Email is often considered to be the most successful Internet application, though it actually predates the Internet. Other applications have multiplied and changed life so quickly that it must have significant social implications. The Internet has changed the way people keep in touch with each other, find out about each other, learn, work, purchase goods and services, handle many aspects of daily life, listen to music, find other entertainment, even make friends.
Obviously the technology is going to keep on changing. But while we can all celebrate this wonderful technology that has already shown so much potential for transformation, the hard questions about the Internet may emerge now. The very success of the Internet has meant that there are many more people (and companies) with diverse interests who have a stake in it. Although non-commercial use remains high, the Internet is increasingly becoming a support structure for commercial services provided for profit, and this is intensified by the fact that its own services are increasingly becoming commodities.
Already there are debates about how the Internet should be controlled and how to maintain the decentralisation that has been so productive and implicitly democratic. There are conflicts over domain name space, the form of the next generation IP addresses, the control of content that appears on the Internet, and much else. If the Internet is really to remain too good to be true, these are questions that must concern all of us.


source: the hindu

june 4th, 2010




See mails that are not urgent at your own pace..










P. Jaishankar


In today's fast-paced life, we are dealing with a plethora of things to do. When it comes to managing e-mail, we are not only dealing with messages that need immediate attention but also wading through mails that require a glimpse later.

Even if you ‘flag' messages that contain important tasks, they may get lost/drop beyond the bottom of your inbox screen and vanish from eye/memory amid a sea of daily e-mails.

If you get a clear perspective of the messages that require immediate attention or later, you don't have to whirl a magic wand to get things sorted out, all you need is an online tool such as http://www.hitmelater.com/.

This Web site offers you an e-mail forwarding tool wherein you can just forward the e-mail message that you want to read later and the Web site sends it back to you as per the time/day you scheduled.

For example, if you are too busy to respond to a client's e-mail right away, just forward it to 24@hitmelater.com and, the Web site will resend it 24 hours later to your e-mail account.

Hitmelater also gives you various scheduling options, such as time, day, minutes, dates, weeks and months for how long you want the e-mail to snooze on the Web site.

For example, if you want the message to be read only next Friday, just forward it to Friday@hitmelater.com, it will be back on top of your inbox on Friday promptly.

Hitmelater can be handy for people checking e-mails on mobile. Importantly, it doesn't require any registration. It comes with basic free service as well as paid services with more features.

A self-destructing note

Have you wanted to send confidential information within your work environment to family or friends but were afraid to do so over e-mail or Internet messengers because someone may spy on you?

Privnote is a free Web-based tool that allows you to send personal/secret notes over the Internet. It requires no password or user registration.

Just go to https://privnote.com/ and write your private note on the space provided by the Web site. The Web site will embed your notes in an URL link. Now, you just have to copy and paste that link into an e-mail (or instant message) and send it to the intended recipient.

When the recipientof the link clicks it for the first time, he will see the note in the browser after which the note will automatically self-destruct; which means no one (not even that recipient) can read the note again. The link won't work anymore.

If you still want to make sure that the note has been read by the recipient, select the ‘notification' option beneath the notepad. You will get an assurance email from Privnote as soon as your note is read by the intended person.

For example, you are sending a personal note to your friend and want to be notified as soon as it has been read.

For this, you need to tick the notification box below the note and enter your email address on the Webpage. Privnote will send an email to that address when the note is read. You can also add a reference to identify each note.

Since the very purpose of the tool is to keep it ‘private', you can't send Privnote to multiple recipients. The note self-destructs after being read; cannot be re-read again.

source: businessline the hindu

E-Commerce, Templates, Module Development,
SEO, Security, and Performance
A professional guide to Mambo's most powerful and
useful features

hexadecimal number system is one of the very initial things that you will get to learn in computer science.
this was prepared while i was in first semester.
yeah, i can revive those good nice memories. anyways, enjoy the notes by downloading the file, and of course, try matching it with your book's chapter on hexadecimal number system, i hope it may match to it.

Hey planet,
A very warm welcome in the episode number 16 of this fantastic series.
I am so overwhelmed by your responses and kind words.
Please, continue encouraging this series like the same way you are doing so that I can track that the things I am sharing are actually benefiting you somewhat.


I keep saying to you, that if you want me to present something specific in this series, do let me know.

A number of people come with their comments and concerns, for which I’m extremely gratified.
Recently, one of the coolest planeteers,
Namita

Has asked me to do an episode on internet’s two well known file sharing services, “sendspace.com” and “dropbox”.

I have been extremely occupied with stuff, even after having vacations, so could not do such an episode during period.
However, today I’ve got a few free moments and I thought to write something that I know about these.
So namita, here is the stuff that you wanted.
I know it could be better If I would have done it earlier, but I think, its better late then never. Isn’t it?

So,
First, let me define what exactly I mean by a file sharing service.
Oh, I know you are aware with it, but do i?

Let’s find this out!

in a simplest term, file sharing on the internet means sharing a file over the internet. It can be shared amongst the various users of your workgroup, friends, family, students, employee or anyone and everyone.

Whether you're trying to share megabytes worth of music with a friend or send an important document to a coworker, nothing outshines a fast, easy-to-use file sharing service.

There are number of websites on the internet which gives you facility to upload your files to their website. They provide you a link to download the file after you are done with the upload process.
The link can be shared with anyone you want to download the file you have uploaded.

The benefit of this are multiple:
1. not everyone have enough bandwidth and time to attach the files on the e-mails everytime someone need.
2. many e-mail services including
gmail.com
do not offer facility to attach .exe files due to security reasons.
3. the e-mail services have a very low limit of attachment size, which may be niggling sometime while you want to share a big file.
4. the file that has been uploaded on a file sharing service can be shared on public forums, visiting cards, on the SMS and elsewhere.
5. some services offers just more then sharing a file with your recipients. if you are aware with file sync method, you know what I’m talking about. if you don’t, then read on, you’ll get to know soon.


Ok, so this confirms that file sharing services on the internet are absolutely beneficial and worth using if you frequently require to share your files, document and stuff with anyone by the help of internet.

Today, I am going to talk about internet’s two most popular file sharing services, sendspace and dropbox.

Sendspace:
The sendspace offers its services through
www.sendspace.com

its one of the best ways to send large files which are too big for email attachments to friends, family and businesses, anywhere in the world.
Though they having a number of payed plans which provides hordes of features, but the sendspace lite is a free plan that’s available without any cost to anyone and everyone.

As soon as you enter on the
sendspace.com
homepage, you are greeted nicely along with a simple upload box on the website.
The edit box there asks you to enter the path of the file in your computer where the intended file to upload is stored. or else, there is a browse button just below it for you to choose the file with the help of your loving mouce or squishy keyboard.
Specially the browse button, it almost looks like a simple standard open file dialogue box, which you do encounter number of time in your day.

Then, there is an upload button, hitting which will start the upload process.

In between, there also is a box for description where you can enter a few words about the file describing its content for the person who will download it. Though its optional, meaning you are not binded to enter description compulsorily.

There also are a few options like make your free account, send the link to e-mail of your recipient, send the link to your personal e-mail and so on.

In total, it lets you upload a file, and then gives a link which can be shared anywhere. Either on an e-mail, or anywhere else.

The user will get the link and clicking on which he will be directed to a page from where the file can be downloaded.


Its so simple to use, and even if you are not in mooed to spend any penny from your pocket, yet you get the features to easily share the files with your friends, co workers or loved ones.


Dropbox:
How many times it happens that you departure from your home for something vital, but when you reach for the work, you find out that you have forgot to bring that bag which had all of your important files.
You can’t work, because your files have been left to your home.
The best part is, that noone believes you, and you find yourself in a niggling position, feelling so frustrated
Or, imagine a scenario, where you have to give a presentation on that all-important project, but your USB drive which had all the presentation files is not working.
What do you do in such a situation?
Of course, not much then banging your head. Isn’t it?
Or, imagine if your laptop that has all those presentation file has crashed suddenly. Now?
Is there any way to still give the presentation, while all those files for giving presentation are there at your home, not with you?

Well, if dropbox is there, your files are there, your presentation is there, and of course, a lot of applauses for you too, as I know you’re a fantastic presentor.
So,
How can it all be possible?
After you create an account on
Dropbox.com

You get a facility to install the free dropbox software to your computer which is just once needed to be configured with your e-mail ID that you have provided while creating account and the password.

After its done, it creates a folder in your computer (defaultly at my documents named as my dropbox).
The benefit is, that whatever file you do copy in this folder, it can be accessed from anywhere where you have an access of internet and the dropbox software is installed and configured with your account information.


Whether you have that one file or millions, dropbox makes them all available on the go.

Not just this, it’s a fantastic file sharing service as well

Copy the file you want to share either in the special shared folder that you have made for user specific, or copy it in already available “public” folder.

From here, the file can be easily shared, as when you right click or press application on the file placed in the public folder, the share link option comes along clicking on which it coppies the special direct path of the file to your clipboard which can then be pasted anywhere.

It’s a file syncing based service.

Here is a quick definition of file sync:
File synchronization (or 'syncing') in computing is the process of making sure that files in two or more locations are updated through certain rules.
Forget about those certain rules, because only we techies or developers have to worry that part, but the key is that in a file syncing service, the files gets updated on two or more locations at the same time.
In this case, your computer and dropbox’s server are those two locations.
So, when you copy the file in a folder, it automatically updates the same on the dropbox server, where internet is required, of course.

Dispite of this limitation, it sounds a cool utility because it gives you facility to cary your file anywhere in the world just on the go, share files with your friends or others in a simplest way, and a whole lot.

Comparison:
If you want to compare sendspace and dropbox, I’d like to ask why do you?

I mean, both the services having their own different utilities, own advantages and disadvantages, different methods of services, different nature of services, and probably, different kinds of targets as well!
Though I agree that dropbox is pretty simple as it has much better features and most importantly, relieves you from the hurdle of waiting for upload as it does everything automatically, but sendspace has its own pros and benefits, you as an end user are the best person to choose the one amongst these or various other exists in the world.


I hope that it has probably helped you somewhat, but if it did not help you anything, my apologies for all the time you’ve taken to read this episode.
I’m extremely, extremely grateful for all your support for this series, keep cheering, so that I can get encouragements to continue this one.


Till I come with the next episode,
Keep smiling and keep rocking wherever you are.

Its time for me to sign off, ciao!

Hey planeteers,
Warm welcome to this yet another, very exciting episode of tech it easy.
So, how have been you all?
I’m sure, everyone is hale and hearty, that’s cool!

The weather at my end is pretty hot, so I thought to give some hot tips.
So, what say,
you’re ready?

Ok!

Its been a long microsoft’s windows7 has hit the market, yet not many people have taken it warmly.
Some says its not better then xp, while some are still in their comfort zones, a little scared to change, a little hesitant, llittle lazy, uncertain and so on.
Well, I’m not endorsing it (why the hack I’ll do it), but hey, I tell you, seriously, there are several reasons why one should migrate to windows7, or at least, should have its savor once!

If i’m asked why do I love my vacations the most, I would say, because I can play with my computer.
Oh, and I’m not talking about those games to play, I love playing with features, files, registries and so on.

Anyways, so this time in the vacations, I’ve decided to screw the windows7 even more from what I’ve previously done, and figure out what exactly gates and company have packed in this so called bundle.

I’m still in the process to find it out,
But today I’m recalled of a cool feature which I found out while doing some initial beta testing of windows7.
I don’t know whether I’ll find out anything special in this time’s discovery, but the feature I found few months back was pretty neet and good.

Being a software developer, many a time some folks turns up and ask me their queries which I love to solve.
However, solving queries becomes difficult sometimes, if the person asking is not that good in describing the problem.
There may be multiple reasons, like introword nature, language barier, bad understanding or so on, but the key is, if you did not understand the query properly, you can never suggest a working answer.
Imagine if you could see in images all the steps the person has gone through, how easy it could be for you to figgureout where the problem is.
In fact, sometimes an error comes, because one has not performed with all the correct steps, and the person solving problem keeps wondering as in what could be the problem.
Imagine those who have to provide technical support to someone. Either as a part of profession or due to their noble nature.
If you’ve ever offered technical support to other computer users, you might find yourself losing a slice of your sanity over their inability to describe
the problem clearly. And most times it’s not the fault of the user, it’s just difficult to describe what you see with words.

The window7’s special software called problem steps recorder gives you a key to solve this out.

What the tool is a simple but advanced variation of a screen capture software. Think of it as an automated “Print Screen” plus a little monkey in the background
documenting all the mouse clicks, key strokes and gathers some technical reading material, who then ties up everything in a neat box and saves the results.
You can use Problem Steps Recorder to automatically capture the steps you take on a computer, including a text description of where you clicked and a screen shot of the screen during each click.
Once you capture these steps, you can save them to a file that can be used by a support professional
or someone else helping you with a computer problem.

The report page is where this tool really shines. It actually is an XML page documenting each step of the user’s actions complete with a screenshot with
the item highlighted. You can view the report as is, or as a slideshow, or even dig into the raw XML to expose greater detail like the XY coordinates of
the mouse.


For using this cool feature, all you need to do is to
locate your windows7’s search bar,
type psr
and hit enter.

Follow simple instructions on screen, and you’re done!

Note: When you record steps on your computer, anything you type will not be recorded. If what you type is an important part of recreating the problem you're trying
to solve, use the comment feature of the same software to describe your problem.

For you to findout what does it look like, I have attached a report that I’ve created for myself just for fun.


Isn’t it a cool utility?

Yep, that’s why we say, this series makes the tech easy for you. Right?

Oh, now, summer is all around at my place, and I’m almost burned up. While I’m feeling sweat due to this immense heat, I’ve been thinking just now, “don’t the computer feel it hot?”
Of course it does, but fortunately my AC (air conditioner) is on and still at work to keep my computer cool.
By the way, do you know that Your PC contains a lot of parts, almost all of which create heat when your computer is on. Some parts, like the CPU and graphics card, can get so hot, as you could cook on them.

In a properly configured computer, much of this heat is moved out of the computer's case by several fans. If your computer isn't removing the hot air fast enough, the temperature can get so hot that you risk serious damage to your PC. Needless
to say, keeping your PC cool should be a top priority, specially in the niggling summers like I’m experiencing here.
So, here is a quick list for you of the things, following which you can keep your PC cool.

• give your computer a little breathing room by removing any obstacles to air flow.
• running your computer with the case open will keep it cooler.
•clean the internal fans.
•upgrade the cpu fan.
•install additional case fan.
•Install a Water Cooling Kit
•Install a Phase Change Unit
•and most importantly, try keeping the environment of your room a little cool. (both physically, and emotionally too!). physical will keep cool your computer, and emotional will keep you cool!




Ok, ok,
So much of conversation we had in todays episode.
Let’s bind up now. What say?

Keep sending your queries and responses to me like you’re already doing, I love helping
you out if I can.

Keep reading the episodes of tech it easy, and keep smiling until I come with the next one!


This is Prateek signing off from the presentation area, ciao

hello to all planateers, very good morning to all!
hey planateers, today i found very nice and some time very useful trick to safe to our data in case of system crashes.
however, unfortunatly, we cant do it without taking any sited help, but still its very useful,after all, one cant compromise with there important data such as important documents, immages, some of special songs or so on!
so read this useful tutorial and become an expurt!
Suppose your computer commits suicide by inviting the latest virus and you are not able to get it back up and running. As a last resort you decide to backup your important documents, photos that you took of your girl friend and the ASCII text file containing your passwords. Today I will show how to do this very easily.
Create a System Rescue CD
Use an uninfected computer and download the System Rescue CD ISO file (latest version).from: sysresccd.org. Now burn this ISO to a blank CD.
Start the rescue
After the ISO is written to CD, take it out, pop the CD into the drive of the computer that’s busted. Set the BIOS to boot through the CD first, hard disk next. And allow it to reboot.
You should see this beautiful System Rescue startup screen. Type these options after the boot: prompt and press ENTER.
rescuecd docache dostartx dodhcp
The docache option allows you to remove the System Rescue CD after it boots up, so you can enter another blank CD/DVD and take backups.
The dostartx option starts GUI automatically.
The dodhcp opiton automatically configures the network and connects you automatically to the Internet after booting.

Load the appropriate keymap when prompted (or just select the default US keymap).
It should start GUI automatically. In case it doesn’t, type startx at the command line and press ENTER.
Your desktop should have a terminal with a yellow background. We need to mount the partition and then do the backup.
Your Windows partition will most likely be located in /mnt/sda1 or /mnt/sda2. To check the partitions, run this:
fdisk -l /dev/sda
It should show you the partition names.
Then, to mount partition 1, run this:
ntfs-3g /mnt/sda1 /mnt/windows
If it mounts correctly, you should be able to see the files in your C:\ directory when you type:
ls -al /mnt/windows
Backing up your data to a CD/DVD
Now, to begin backing up your data, type this:
xfburn
The Xfburn program will show you a list of your partitions. Browse to the Windows partition(s) using the Filesystem menu option on the top-left and select all the files you need. Click on New Data Composition. Insert a blank CD or DVD and allow to burn all your data to the CD/DVD.
Backing up your data to a remote location
This is easier if you love using the command line. First, make sure the network is up by pinging to google.com
ping google.com
If it throws up an error, you have to run this to configure your network interface:
net-setup eth0
If you want to transfer the files in the directory C:\work to your remote server myremoteserver.com and give your user name
The directory C:\work would be located in /mnt/windows/work. This command will transfer the directory:
scp -r /mnt/windows/work your username@myremoteserver.com
Enter the password for your username and the file transfer will begin.

Beginning Linux Programming, Third Edition continues its unique approach to teaching UNIX programming in a simple and structured way on the Linux platform. Through the use of detailed and realistic examples, students learn by doing, and are able to move from being a Linux beginner to creating custom applications in Linux. The book introduces fundamental concepts beginning with the basics of writing Unix programs in C, and including material on basic system calls, file I/O, interprocess communication (for getting programs to work together), and shell programming. Parallel to this, the book introduces the toolkits and libraries for working with user interfaces, from simpler terminal mode applications to X and GTK+ for graphical user interfaces. Advanced topics are covered in detail such as processes, pipes, semaphores, socket programming, using MySQL, writing applications for the GNOME or the KDE desktop, writing device drivers, POSIX Threads, and kernel programming for the latest Linux Kernel.

Sams Teach Yourself Linux in 24 Hours is a tutorial aimed at making the Linux beginner more effective and productive users of the operating system. Most books in this category are more of a general reference in nature and are designed to cover Linux in general. Well, every Linux distribution is different - file locations can change, commands can be a little different, etc. This means the readers of those books may not find answers specific to their installation. This book will use the effective Sams Teach Yourself format to instruct the reader how to: install the operating system, configure their hardware, and effectively use the tools that come with the Red Hat distribution included on the CD-ROM.

• Learn how to install Red Hat Linux by walking through an easy to follow hardware configuration
• Understand how to use Linux commands, configure your network and servers and manage users of your system
• Discover the power of X(TM) Windows
• The CD-ROM delivers Red Hat Linux V5.0--a $49.95 value-- complete with source code

binary conversion is one of the most important and often used parts for computer science students. here are notes yet again from my first semester shelf. enjoy!

A number system is a set of rules and symbols used to represent a number. There are several different number systems available. here are notes of number systems which should match to your chapter on the topic. i've prepared them for me in my first semester. computer science students, you also can share your notes here, it will help a lot.

Hello planeteers,
I’m amazed to have your responses on this series and that’s what drives me to write these episodes here.
Thanks for all of yours love and encouragement.

I said in one of the episodes of tech it easy “the folders are life of your computer”.
Of course they are.
They may contain hundreds of sub folders and/or thousands of files.
Everything that you have in your computer is somewhat arranged in the folders.
Indeed, it’s a nice idea to arrange the stuff in folders, as it makes the life easier for you.
You keep all the nice videos that you have in a folder called videos, while all the rocking songs in a folder called songs.
That’s cool, but what if your lil bro or sis decides to fool you around by deleting that so much important folder of yours which had all the important files and data that you’ve worked on for hours, collected from ages, or so on?
You not only lose your document, but temper as well.
Ok, thanks to some nice folks, you have now some utilities available to get the deleted files/folders back, but I believe in an old saying “prevention is better then the cure”.
Hmm, so what is the cure I’m talking about?
Well, don’t you think it could be better if the folder could not be deleted?
I mean, anything, which could bard the deletion of the folder?
Fortunately, it’s possible!
Yes, it’s possible to make such folders which can not be deleted and shows an error message when you try to delete them.
The today’s episode tries to explore such possibilities in a way that can make your task easy as well as interesting.

So, I guess you are now asking “how to make such folders” right?
Well, let me tell you, it’s so easy, so neat, and working smoothly.
Great, what to do then?

First, you need to open command prompt.
1. Go to start menu/run and hit enter
2. Type cmd and hit enter again.

Now you need to decide where you would like to make your folder.
Type the path of that place in your computer and hit enter to reach there.
For instance, for making folder in e drive: type
E:
And hit enter.

Ok, so you’ve reached where you need to make this wondrous undeletable folder.
Now, let’s quickly make the folder:
Type
Md \undeletableFolder\\
and hit enter.
the folder will now in your E drive named as undeletableFolder.
You can name it anything that you like. Just replace the desired name with “undeletableFolder”.

Ok, so now the folder has been created which can not be deleted. Try deleting the folder and you will get an error message.

Fantastic isn’t it?

I know, it’s not the end solution if you’ve got some naughty siblings like mine, as they can always go inside the folder and delete the file, but still it gives you some kind of security, and best of all, one more way to play with your lil techbox.

Huhu!
And a cool tip now:
many a times we come across to some unknown file extensions which can not be opened.
The hurdle here is to know, where to open these files, as there are a number of softwares available now, and many of them having their own special formats for the files.
Here is a smart website that will tell you about almost all the file extensions on what file extension represent what and where can it be opened.
www.dotwhat.net


Yep, so this sums up today’s episode.

I’m glad to see your overwhelming responses about this series.
If you want me to present episode on anything specific, please do send me a message and I’ll try my best to take it out here.

It’s time for me to sign off for now,
Keep smiling until I come with a new episode.

Ciao!

Thank Heavens for something called “System Restore” or “Last Known Best Configuration” It has made me look clever very often, up to now. But, could we install something similar into my brain, perhaps?

Building and configuring a new computer is such a lot of work, that I have often wished I could clone the hard Drive, just after I have installed my OS and all my favorite programs, onto the new Hard Drive, to a second HD, so I can keep it safe somewhere, as a back up. I always install a D drive, anyway, for my work.

Someone recently told me that am just what he’s doing. As soon as the HD in use goes terribly wrong for some reason, he just replaces it with the spare, cloned one. Of course, both him and me do our work and documents on removable external HD’s. He then formats the corrupt HD, and clone the new one’s info to the formatted HD. But, said he, he uses some little program to do the cloning, but he couldn’t tell me where to find the program.

I have in the past, Backed up a complete HD on a DVD, but am not sure if this would be of any use, especially if the HD in use goes bang as result of hardware failure. Experience has taught me that, if smoke comes out a computer, you cannot put the smoke back to repair it, you need to replace something. And it would be nice if you could already have a good configured HD ready to replace. Now, a HD doesn’t pack up that often, but it does….

What do you guys say about this idea? Is there anyone who could provide me with either a link to download, or the cloning program? The program needs to clone the HD in use to another HD, while running.

All of us who have used a computer up to now, has heard of Auntie Virus, as Windows keeps on warning us about it, scaring us about all kinds of things. And, when a computer goes on the blink, and nobody knows what is wrong with it, they simply say: “Your computer has a virus”, and leave you to sort out the mess by yourself. So, everybody and his mate always try to convince everybody and his other mates to install this Auntie, called Virus. Some versions you can download “FREE”, but the word “free” never seems to me to be meaning what I always felt it should mean. Download one of these Aunties, and you may soon see a message telling you to now buy the thing, or it will expire. And you always have to keep updating these things.

All these Aunties seem to be scanning and updating all the time in the background, so your poor old computer doesn’t actually get to use it’s resources to be doing what they are actually supposed to be doing. That explains why so many computers are so slow, especially these at work.

Auntie Virus is married to Uncle Security, who is creating a couple of his own dilemmas. Every time you go on the Web, some crap you don’t want, don’t need, gets uploaded somewhere on your computer, without you knowing about it, so, when you next turn it on, it tells you that your Hard Disk is now full. Or, worse, because of all these crap which now also wants to run on your computer, mainly to advertise things that you can buy, things that you don’t need, and with money that you don’t have!

So, Auntie and Uncle is a team who makes many a computer irritatingly slow, no wonder so many people just give up on the thing.

Knowing me, some of you may now not be too surprised to hear that I have been a little naughty for around ten years now: I haven’t used any anti-viruses or any such crap on any of my computers at home, at my own risk. And, not much of a risk it was, I must add. Of course, many a computer has crashed on me, but who hasn’t had such experience? But I could always repair the damage myself. I did always have a copy of some kind of Anti-virus on a CD, but only used it in some instances, generally with no effect. So, I tend to keep my computers at home relatively Anti-virus-free. At work, I have no choice, but to use the things they install on our system.

Now you would like to see the results of my experimenting, would you? You are free to come and have a look for yourselves, as you will not believe me when I say that my computers at home all run at about ten times the speed compared to those at work. And in many cases, when I’m downloading something at work, it would suddenly stop downloading. The difference between the well-anti-viruses computers and my clean ones at home is absolutely amazing. And, we have a LAN at work, which is supposed to be the fastest possible here, while at home I’m simply using my cell phone as a modem! But, not only when I’m online is there such a difference in speed and effectivity; I have found that a computer not running Anti-virus is generally much faster and effective in everything it does, compared to Anti-virus ridden computers.

I must admit, though, that I tend to install FREE programs like Advanced Windows Care, RegScrub and System Security. These I only run then from time to time, but only when I decide to do it. System Security is quite interesting; as it removes all those files you don’t need and don’t want, including Cookies. In the past, I have also used AddAware, and plan to look for a copy of it again.

I also don’t go surfing on Porn sites, or such crap, not that I have anything against them; they seem to make many people happy, but it’s just that I’m not interested in such sites.

You see, I think there are many people who like to write Anti-virus programs, usually to sell them, so they need to create viruses to scare the users into buying their stuff. And I have an idea that many an Anti-virus is written before the existence of the virus it’s supposed to kill.

And still I wonder: which is worse, the Virus, or the Anti-virus????

I expect you to now please react to this. I wish to know what you believe, what you have experienced. And, if there are some of you who has run computers without our favorite Auntie, please let me know. And the computer wizards must all please react! I want to see you explode.

hello planateers, today, i found some useful keystrokes for microsoft excel. probbably many of us would know about them already, but who dont knows it, pleas see, learn and use these keystrokes to become perfect and faster in ms excel!
The followings are Microsoft Excel shortcuts. Some short-cuts might be version specific.
Use at your own risk.
Mouse shortcuts

Shortcut Description
Double-click (on a cell) Edit the cell contents.
Double-click (on a row/column divider) Adjust height/width to auto-fit
High-light headers of multiple rows/columns then Double-click on a row/column divider Adjust height/width to auto-fit of all high-lighted rows/columns
Triple-click Select the entire contents in the cell
Click on row/column divider then drag Adjust height/width of the row/colunn
High-light headers of multiple rows/columns then Click on row/column divider then drag Adjust height/width of the rows/colunns
Ctrl + Mouse wheel Zooms in and out of document.
Hold Shift + Click the cells Select multiple cells

Keyboard shortcuts

Shortcut Description
F2 Edit the selected cell.
F5 Goto a specific cell. For example, C6.
F7 Spell check selected text and/or document.
F11 Create chart.
Ctrl + A Select all.
Ctrl + B Bold.
Ctrl + C Copy.
Ctrl + F Find (same as Shift + F5).
Ctrl + G Go To.
Ctrl + H Replace.
Ctrl + I Italic.
Ctrl + K Insert link.
Ctrl + N New Workbook.
Ctrl + O Open Workbook.
Ctrl + P Print dialog.
Ctrl + S Save.
Ctrl + U Underline.
Ctrl + V Paste.
Ctrl + Z Undo.
Ctrl + Y Redo.
Ctrl + X Cut.
Ctrl + 5 Strikethrough text.
Ctrl + F3 Define Name.
Ctrl + F4 Exit Excel.
Ctrl + F6 Switch between open workbooks.
Ctrl + F9 Minimize current window.
Ctrl + F10 Maximize current window.
Shift + F1 Activate Help on Item.
Shift + F2 Insert Comments
Shift + F3 Insert Function.
Ctrl + Shift + ; Enter the current time.
Ctrl + ; Enter the current date.
Ctrl + Page down Move to next worksheet.
Ctrl + Page up Move to previous worksheet.
Ctrl + Shift + # Number Format: Date
Ctrl + Shift + @ Number Format: Time.
Ctrl + Shift + ! Number Format: Commas.
Ctrl + Shift + $ Number Format: Currency
Ctrl + Shift + % Number Format: Percentage
Ctrl + Shift + ^ Number Format: Scientific.
Ctrl + Space Select entire column.
Shift + Space Select entire row.
Ctrl + (Arrow key) Move to next section.

DOS COMMANDS

For more information on a specific command, type HELP command-name
ASSOC Displays or modifies file extension associations.
AT Schedules commands and programs to run on a computer.
ATTRIB Displays or changes file attributes.
BREAK Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking.
CACLS Displays or modifies access control lists (ACLs) of files.
CALL Calls one batch program from another.
CD Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHCP Displays or sets the active code page number.
CHDIR Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHKDSK Checks a disk and displays a status report.
CHKNTFS Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time.
CLS Clears the screen.
CMD Starts a new instance of the Windows command interpreter.
COLOR Sets the default console foreground and background colors.
COMP Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.
COMPACT Displays or alters the compression of files on NTFS partitions.
CONVERT Converts FAT volumes to NTFS. You cannot convert the
current drive.
COPY Copies one or more files to another location.
DATE Displays or sets the date.
DEL Deletes one or more files.
DIR Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory.
DISKCOMP Compares the contents of two floppy disks.
DISKCOPY Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another.
DOSKEY Edits command lines, recalls Windows commands, and creates macros.
ECHO Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off.
ENDLOCAL Ends localization of environment changes in a batch file.
ERASE Deletes one or more files.
EXIT Quits the CMD.EXE program (command interpreter).
FC Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the differences
between them.
FIND Searches for a text string in a file or files.
FINDSTR Searches for strings in files.
FOR Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.
FORMAT Formats a disk for use with Windows.
FTYPE Displays or modifies file types used in file extension associations.
GOTO Directs the Windows command interpreter to a labeled line in a
batch program.
GRAFTABL Enables Windows to display an extended character set in graphics
mode.
HELP Provides Help information for Windows commands.
IF Performs conditional processing in batch programs.
LABEL Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk.
MD Creates a directory.
MKDIR Creates a directory.
MODE Configures a system device.
MORE Displays output one screen at a time.
MOVE Moves one or more files from one directory to another directory.
PATH Displays or sets a search path for executable files.
PAUSE Suspends processing of a batch file and displays a message.
POPD Restores the previous value of the current directory saved by PUSHD.
PRINT Prints a text file.
PROMPT Changes the Windows command prompt.
PUSHD Saves the current directory then changes it.
RD Removes a directory.
RECOVER Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk.
REM Records comments (remarks) in batch files or CONFIG.SYS.
REN Renames a file or files.
RENAME Renames a file or files.
REPLACE Replaces files.
RMDIR Removes a directory.
SET Displays, sets, or removes Windows environment variables.
SETLOCAL Begins localization of environment changes in a batch file.
SHIFT Shifts the position of replaceable parameters in batch files.
SORT Sorts input.
START Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command.
SUBST Associates a path with a drive letter.
TIME Displays or sets the system time.
TITLE Sets the window title for a CMD.EXE session.
TREE Graphically displays the directory structure of a drive or path.
TYPE Displays the contents of a text file.
VER Displays the Windows version.
VERIFY Tells Windows whether to verify that your files are written
correctly to a disk.
VOL Displays a disk volume label and serial number.
XCOPY Copies files and directory trees.

Wanted to share an exciting new project by Tony Baechler to create audio tutorials for FOSS (Free and Open Source Software). Sounds like a great initiative! You can read the interview here http://stop.zona-m.net/node/150

Any Planeteers want to band together to help?

Kumar

here are the notes on Artificial Intelligence which i've prepared for myself.
you guys enjoy it here on Inclusive planet, and do share if you too having something to share.

John Von Neumann was a Hungarian Mathematician (1903-1957) who conceived the computer architecture that most modern computer systems are based on today. here are short notes which i've written in my first semester. have a look. computer science students, it may match to your chapter on von Neumann. enjoy!

These are the notes of foundation of computer which I’ve studied in my first semester.
Though anyone can read this, but computer science students, specially, it may match to what has been written in your first chapter.


Enjoy, and yeah, don’t forget to share the notes which you’ve used or are using in your studies.

hello planateers,
hope you all would be in a cheerful mood on this weke end.
so, lets make our mood even more cheerful! today i found a nice artical that shows how to protect your computer from viruses.
am sure all planateers will defanatly read it at least for once because using a safe and healthy pc remains a dream for all of us right?
so, here the artical comes.

"How to protect your computer from viruses
How many times have you been pestered with viruses, spywares, bad cookies and all sort of malware? How many times have you lost your important documents and pictures, because you clicked on a little file you got in your e-mail client? How many times have your computer stopped working normally after you visited a web-site? If your reply is “a lot of times” or “sometimes” then this guide is for you. There are lots of ways when surfing on the web or when working on your computer to get a virus but, let me tell you frankly, if you get something harmful, most of the times it depends on you, but at the same time it is not your fault. It only means that you have not been educated or trained adequately on how to behave safely while working with your hyper-technological PC. Keep in mind that it is because of this lack of knowledge I am talking about that viruses still continue to spread all over the world costing damages worth millions of dollars. If your company has always taught you how to use operative systems and programs such as: Microsoft Vista or XP, Linux Microsoft Office, Open Office and other programs to edit documents, pictures etc, but it has never taught you about antivirus, antispyware etc. it means that your boss, who should be your educator, has behaved in a wrong way, has been a bad teacher hurting you and his own interests. How much money and time your company or your school could have saved if it just taught you that you were not supposed to click on the little file named “hello.exe” attached to an email and that made your PC turn off , deleting all files with .doc extension automatically? I don’t want to criticize anybody, but companies and schools think more about productivity than education and security, giving you just infos you are supposed to know to work. Nothing more, nothing less to fill up that knowledge gap that could prevent you from clicking on that famous “hello.exe” file. So let’s start this little guide with the assumption that all you know about Internet safety is zero, but with some tips you can put yourself in a condition of supremacy and avoid 99% of Internet threats without losing the joy to surf the web or working in the way you like.
Rule First: Be safe. Don’t click!
Reading from Wikipedia: “A computer virus is a computer program that can copy itself and infect a computer without permission or knowledge of the user.”, “…Some viruses are programmed to damage the computer by damaging programs, deleting files, or reformatting the hard disk.”. Did you read what Wikipedia write? A virus is a program, so when you have to deal with one of them don’t put yourself in a position of inferiority. Don’t think: “Hey, it’s a virus. It is smarter than me”. It is exactly the other way-around. Since a virus or another kind of malware is a piece of software, you have to think about it as something really dumb, doing something it has been programmed to do such as: deleting, formatting, changing etc. And since it is a program you have also to think of the only way to let it work is to activate it in some way. So here we have a rule we have to keep in mind: Don’t click on anything you don’t know. This is the most powerful advice this guide can give you. More powerful than the most sophisticated antivirus and more cleaver than any computer engineer.
Rule Second: Recognize threats on your e-mails at glance
Viruses and spywares spread on the Internet after growing in the PCs. When they are ready and have made enough damages in a machine, they try to leave it to infect another one. To do that they usually steal all e-mail addresses found on the host computer. E-mail addresses are found on the lists contained in the e-mail clients such as: Windows Mail, Windows Outlook, Eudora etc. At this point they send themselves by email as attachments. Virus creators try to make their viruses appealing or just conceal it into something else. Sometimes instead they leave them as they are. Anyway if you get an e-mail with an attachment having these features refer to the first rule:
• Be careful of files having these extensions: .EXE, .BAT, .COM. For sure they are virus. These extensions can be mingled with other ones to trick you into thinking they are safe files. Here are a couple of examples: sunshine.mp3.bat, picture12.jpeg.exe, funnymovie.divx.com
• Other times viruses conceal themselves to deceive you, so even files having these extensions can be viruses: .MP3, .MPEG, .JPEG, .JPG, .PDF, .DOC, .DVI, .HTML . So how to recognize a picture sent by a friend of yours from a masked virus? There are no rule for this, but generally speaking be suspicious about those e-mails coming from your friends and whose subjects are silly or with no sense. Viruses are rather stupid and when they send themselves don’t pay a lot of attention to what they write. They don’t have a lot of fantasy. So when you get an e-mail with a subject that looks like one of these examples refer to the first rule: Funny pictures, You won a price, Hey it is me, Open right now, RE: (and here there could be something that makes no sense to you), Your account at …… has been suspended, Hoax, Sexy pics, Sex (and sex related topics), Read and pass on… etc. The list here could be very big. As a general rule when you get an e-mail which sound weird, probably it is, so don’t click it nor open any attachment. If a suspicious e-mail was sent from a friend of yours, send him another e-mail asking information or just call him. Is your computer safety worth a phone call? I think so.
• Be careful of e-mails from unknown people. As a general rule don’t open them if their object makes no sense to you.
• Be careful of e-mails apparently coming from trusted company, banks, websites etc. If the e-mail address is something like: support@mastercardz.cz, information@citibankk.ro, customerpurchase@bestbuyy.ru don’t open it and trash it right away. If you are unsure about an e-mail address go to McAfee site advisor and see if the site it comes from is secure.
• Be careful of e-mails containing html codes or with embedded web pages. These particular e-mails don’t have attachments but once you open them, since they contain an embedded code, they could start downloading a virus. As a general rule disable html-support from your e-mail client or webmail.
Rule Third: Read your e-mails in a secure way
Generally speaking software that connects your computer to the Internet is a possible vehicle for viruses and all kind of threats. Despite the fact that today e-mail clients have improved dramatically, I don’t like the idea of something managing my incoming e-mails. No matter how many filters it applies to select a good e-mail from a bad one. Sooner or later somebody will find a bug or a workaround to skip a filter. The next thing you know is that a virus will be downloaded into your PC with no way to control it. I always avoid e-mail clients. I always use webmail. I mean, if I want to check my e-mails I go to my Gmail or Yahoo account and I read them directly from the web. Yahoo mail is provided with an excellent spam and virus filter so before you download an attachment into your computer it checks the file automatically. Anyway even other webmails have automated virus filters even though you don’t see them. If you really want to use a software, I advice you to use those programs giving a preview of your e-mails without downloading anything. How is it possible? Simple, they just peer into the web-server and download those information that are important for you to understand what the e-mail is about. Other things such a: attachments, the whole mail body etc. are left in the server, ready to be fetched upon request. Here is the link to Magic Mail Monitor that is a really good e-mail preview software, plus it comes for free.
Rule Fourth: Surf wisely
Well, we have seen how viruses spread, what they look like and how to be safe when we read our daily e-mails. Sadly for us there other ways we can get a virus. The good news is that they all have to do with the way we surf Internet. Surfing the web is not easy at all. Like the ocean there are a lot of places that are really dangerous even though they seem to be perfectly safe. The fact that we do it daily with no second thought is another proof about how little we know and how badly we have been educated about PC safety. A serious problem is also represented by what we use to surf. All browsers are not alike and instead of looking for shiny, eye-candy features we should look for security. A browser is a program, do you remember what I said above? This particular software connects our PC to the Internet. For this reason it is dangerous and could cause us some malevolent malware. Since this software is essential to surf we have to be smart when pick it up. My choice is Firefox without any doubts. Secure, stable, simple to use, few bugs, free, it warns you when a new update is available and supported by a strong helping community. These are just a few reasons why I like it. If you want you can download it here.
Of course having a good board doesn’t mean anything if you go surfing to a part of the ocean full of sharks. Here is where you shouldn’t go and what you shouldn’t do:
• Don’t surf porn. Come on. You are grown enough, right? Avoid porn web-sites since some of them, once opened in your browser, can send you spyware, viruses and other malware, without speaking about the chance they have to steal your personal information. Stay way from them. By the way, most of the times when they download malware on your PC you are not aware of it. They don’t ask you to click anything. In this case you already infringed the rule Don’t click on anything you don’t know when you went to the site itself. As a matter of fact these sites use bugs on your browser to insert malicious files silently. Without knowing you are already cooked.
• If you open a web site and a window appears right away telling you to download a software, don’t do it! Before clicking “OK” read what the window says and look at the program it wants you to download. If the program is called: Java, Flash, Shockwave you can download it (maybe with the exception of Java, read below) otherwise if you don’t feel secure about the request, just close the browser and start surfing again. Sometimes you can not do it because the web-site wants to force you to do something. If so, it is trying to make you downlaod something armful. To force the closing of the browser press: Control-Alt-Canc, click on Task Manager, look for your browser name on the window that has just appeared, click on it and click End-Process at the bottom of the window.
• I know you like playing on the Internet. There are lots of armless sites full of games out there, but some of them may want you to downlaod a piece of software called JAVA. Let me tell you right away that this software is not harmful for your computer. Some web sites or programs on your computer need it to work. The threat doesn’t come from this application, but from some malicious web site that may use it to put into your JAVA cache directory spyware, trojans and other pestware. If you don’t need JAVA I advice you not to download it or uninstall it. If you want to play on the Internet you can use those websites that don’t use this application for its games such as: Shockwave.com , Crazymonkeygames.com , Flashgames247.com
Rule Fifth: Be always ready to fight.
Antivirus and antispyware, do I need them? Sure you do! Even though you followed my advices there are still some chance to get a virus. So, why should you stay away from protection? There are a lot of software promising us to shield our PC from everything. Anyway this is what you are looking for:
1. A free software (why do you have to pay for something you can find for free on the Internet and doing the exact same things as the expensive ones?)
2. A light software (you don’t want it to slow my computer down)
3. Regularly free update (this is crucial. Viruses grows at a fast pace. That’s why you need a good update service)
4. Heuristic provided( heuristic is a feature that allows an antivirus to spot a virus on certain characteristic, and long before and update for that specific threat has been released)
5. Simple to use (you don’t want to spend hours to tweak it. You just want it to work out of the box)
6. Compatible with your operative system (you don’t want my antivirus to crash while it is performing a complete scan of your system and believe me, this is not a remote event)
The ideal solution is to have two software installed on our PC. The first shielding from viruses and the second shielding from spywares. The best solution is to have a software having both these features.
My choices for antivirus are:
1. AVG Free Antivirus (which is an excellent antivirus and antispyware and this is what I have on my PC)
2. Clamwin Antivirus
3. Avast Home Edition
My choices for antispyware are:
1. AVG Anti-Spyware
2. Ad-Aware
3. SpyBot Search&Destroy
A full description of these programs can be found on their web-sites. Forgive me if I didn’t provide any information about them on this page, but I am talking about the ways to protect your computer. I am not doing a review.
Once you buy a computer you must install these software right away. You may also choose not to install any software and just use online virus scanners, but this is not an optimal solution. Online antivirus just scan your computer or files and don’t give you any real-time protection. Basically once you choose to scan your system with them, it could be already too late. Antivirus and Antispyware are an excellent solution to be always protected, but you have to be wise about the way you use them. In fact, it is not sufficient to have them on your computer if you don’t use them properly. So with these powerful software perform the following actions:
• Scan your computer regularly. Antiviruses and antispyware have options to run a complete or partial scanning of your system. Do it once very two weeks at least. Alternatively you can also choose to schedule a complete scanning in an automatic way. The schedule option is available on most of these software.
• If you don’t feel completely secure about a file, scan it. If you right-click on a file, a menu should appear. Among its options there should be one letting you scan whatever you want.
• Scan other people’s USB flash drives. Lately a new generation of viruses has appeared. These new viruses, once they infect a computer, hide inside USB flash drives (if they find one plugged) putting themselves into a stand-by mode, ready to infect another machine once they get a chance.
• Scan floppy disks. These data storage are disappearing because of the new USB flash drives which are provided with more memory. Anyway many people still use them. Again, scan them before reading any file inside, above all if you don’t know where they are coming from.
The guide is over. Of course it doesn’t guarantee you that you won’t take any “computer cold” but it lets you avoid a lot of the most common mistakes people do when they are before their PC. Remember, most of the times what happen to us or our devices is the result of our behavior. Behave wisely, smartly and a little suspiciously and everything should be fine. Happy surfing and have a good day at work!" enjoy!

Dear Planeteers,
I am sitting with a few old computers of others, which are still running Win.95. They are all now working very nicely, they all have USB ports, but, of course, I cannot use USB. There must be some good driver for it to enable one to use USB. Could anyone help me with such a driver? I don’t want to upgrade them to XP, their statistics are too low, and they would work very slowly. Prateek, maybe you have such a driver, and could put it in your Web page?
Thanking you in advance!

Hey planeteers, a big hello there!

Writing after long here for episode number 13 of tech it easy today.
No excuses, I guess it’ll be unfare to opine my hecticness over and over again.
Thanks a lot everyone for still sending me a lot of messages about my posts on this channel. Trust me, that’s what my boost.
Yeah,
So let’s start the today’s anecdote:

Lately, I’ve been seeing a burning discussion on password protected folders on this channel.
Indeed, everyone of us having something private in our computers to hide, including those adult, (even pornographic sometimes) stuffs.
Oh, trust me, that isn’t a problem. Computer has made not just to work or study, indeed.
Hmm, so you need to hide that from your younger brother or sister?
Well, if you’re stuck up finding a solution and haven’t yet come across to a working one, then you are on a right place reading this episode here on our beloved I planet.
So, as you’ve guessed it, I’m gonna talk something about password protected folder.
Yea!

So, what’s it all about?
Well, it has always been tedious to hide those personal and secret folder of your’s where you’ve stored all your personal, private and sometimes, dirty things which you would not appreciate anyone else to see.
But, how to accomplish is what the most complicated thing for you. Right?
Well, well, that’s where I come, to make the tech easy for you. Isn’t it?
I’ve been seeing to a discussion on password protected secret invisible folders and that’s what guided me to come up with this episode.
Some of you have suggested some dos command to hide the folder, while some have suggested GUI tools for it.
Some have pointed several softwares for this task, and probably imparted other suggestions as well which I’m missing here.
Oh, all those are right and i’d like to appreciate the knowledge of you folks.
However, there is still the mystery remains, how to password protect and hide a folder.
Of course there are softwares for it, but that’s not I’m gonna suggest here today. Let’s get even more innovative. What say?
How would it sound, if I tell you about creating your own, personal software to hide and password protect your folder?
Yeah, you heard it right, I can tell you how to create your own software to accomplish the above mentioned operations.
And, let me tell you, you not necessarily need to be a software developer, computer professional or whatever specific for learning about how to create this your own software for you.
Humph, developing softwares is not as easy, but it’s not that hard too.
With little or no expertise, you would soon be having your own, personally developed software that will lock your folders, password protect them, and unlock them whenever you want.
Amazingly, the software is going to be so much reliable and work in almost all the small to big configurations on windows based systems.
So, let’s start creating your own, personal software to hide your folder. Should we?
All right.

So first, open your notepad.
Would you trust me, the notepad is the most used editor still amongst the software developers, and almost everything from simple HTML websites to advance java based high enterprise solutions can be developed on notepad.
So, you no need to worry, you’re on a right track already if you’ve opened the notepad.
Now, copy the following code into your notepad:

cls
@ECHO OFF
title Folder secret
if EXIST “Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}” goto UNLOCK
if NOT EXIST secret goto MDLOCKER
:CONFIRM
echo Are you sure u want to Lock this folder(Y/N)
set/p “cho=>”
if %cho%==Y goto LOCK
if %cho%==y goto LOCK
if %cho%==n goto END
if %cho%==N goto END
echo Invalid choice.
goto CONFIRM
:LOCK
ren secret “Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}”
attrib +h +s “Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}”
echo Folder locked
goto End
:UNLOCK
echo Enter password to Unlock folder
set/p “pass=>”
if NOT %pass%==password12345 HERE goto FAIL
attrib -h -s “Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}”
ren “Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}” secret
echo Folder Unlocked successfully
goto End
:FAIL
echo Invalid password
goto end
:MDLOCKER
md secret
echo secret created successfully
goto End
:End

so, you’ve copyed the above into notepad. Right?
great, now it’s time to save your notepad file. Save the file from whatever file name.bat.
For instance, if the name of file is secret, it should be secret.bat
and can you trust me, you’ve created your personal folder protector software this way.
Cool! Isn’t?
So, you’ve created a software that will create a folder named secret in the drive where you have your file.
After you’re done with copying all your secret stuffs, it will password protect it.
and, it will let you open the folder as and when you need.
Cool. Isn’t it?

How to use:

Now let’s see how to use it. Place the file in the location where you would like to create your protected folder. Run the batch file by double clicking on it. This will create a folder named secret in the same location as the batch file. You can now open this folder and place any files in it. Once you are finished, run the batch file again. You will be asked whether you want to lock the folder. Enter ‘Y’ (for Yes) and hit Enter. The folder becomes invisible. To retrieve the folder, run the batch file again. You will be prompted to enter the password. Enter the password, hit enter and voila! the folder appears.

So, the above code is what you need. You can change the code according to your requirements. Please replace the word “secret” with your name for changing the folder name.
The password I’ve given is password12345
You can change the same as well by replacing it.


Important: The batch file acts like a key to open the locked folder. So once you have created and locked a folder, do not keep the batch file in the same location since anybody can open the batch file and view your password. So I would suggest that you keep the batch file in a separate and safe place or better still keep it on your pen drive or flash drive. That way when you want to open the folder just copy the batch file to the location where you have your protected folder and run it.

All right, so it sounds great, and it has all being designed by you.
Fantastic!
Before you dive into high dreams now,
Do remember that the above method is not intended to act as a substitute for the numerous free and commercial softwares that are specifically designed to provide security and encryption to your data.
If you look for something better in terms of reliability and features, you should consider buying a software available to help you in this.

Hurray!
The today’s episode was good. Try creating your own software now, and keep smiling till I come with next episode here.

This is Prateek signing off now,
Ciao.

Software Engineering with Microsoft Visual Studio Team System is written for a software team that is considering running a software project using Visual Studio Team System (VSTS). It is about the "why" of VSTS: its guiding ideas, why they are presented in certain ways, and how they fit into the process of managing the software lifecycle. This book is the next best thing to having an onsite coach who can lead the team through a consistent set of processes. It is a framework for thinking about software projects in a way that can be directly tooled by VSTS. It presents essential theory and practical examples to describe a realistic process for IT projects. This is a book that any team using or considering VSTS should read.

hello to all planateers, an another tutorial for you.
we often search on google for our desire information, some time we gets easyly but in few cases its become dificult and even impossible. google fails to show our desire result.
so, while reading on a website, i found this very nice and iffective tutorial.
am sure that you will become an expurt after reading it.
so, dont forget to read it!
thanks and regards.

Hello to all planateers!
Here is another tecky trick on a taecky channel for you.
Well, some time by some reasons, you might like to hide some of your folders containing some important datas, files, songs, videos, or elce.
So, for hiding such files we often search some softwares, so that we can hide our private folders.
But wait, do you know? That we can hide such private folders without using any softwares?
Ok, lets work step by step to hide our private folders.
Open command promt by going start>run>cmd and hit enter.
The command promt should be open up with the following message “ c:\windows\system32\cmd.exe”
Now, we have to follow some simple steps.
1- select the drive location where you have saved your private folder. after determent the folder and location,, you have to move on that drive and folder using command promt for example, for c -drive, you will type “c:” for d- drive, you will type “d:” and for e-drive, you will type “e:” for f- drive, you will type “f:” without the quotation marks.
2- After typing the drive location, you will probably listen as “e:\> or d:\>” according to your selection.
3- Now, comes the most important step, suppose there is a folder named as “sunil” in the e drive in your computer. Then steps should be as follow:
Type “e:” in the command promtand hit enter, now type “attrib sunil +s +h” to hide the folder, note,that “sunil” is only for an example, the name may be anything that you have decided while creating that folder.
4- after doing the third step, your folder should be invisible. To get back your folder, type again as follow: e: attrib sunil –s –h” without the quotation marks. you would have noticed that we have used + sign with attrib command to hide our folder and the – sign with attrib command to unhide our folder. Note if you are going to hide a folder witch is saved in another folder, use “cd” followed by the folder name and hit enter to access that folder in the command promt.

Actually, “attrib command represents the current attributes of the folder, and using +s sign and –h signs hides or unhides the determent folders.
Pleas note: first use this trick with any unuse or blank folder because, doing wrong steps may lost your important datas. and remember that command promt mean ms dos does not bare even your single mistake. so, take care while hiding your folder specially the correct spelling and correct location of your folder.
Guys, pleas don’t afraid and try it!
And pleas do let me know if you found it useful…

Here are two little programs from Blind-computing.com, wich I have just tested, and it worked for me, can now download a lot faster. I found the Express one simpler and faster, but you may have different results;

download_express

free_download_manager

IF the above doesn't come through as links, look for the links in

www.blind-computing.com

How many of you have deleted a file by accedent? And then you look in your Recycle Bin, but it’s not there either. Or from your memory stick, or camera card, or Ipod?

No worry, you can maybe recover it using this little Freeware gadget. After downloading it, you need to unzip it, and change the file extension of the file called “Recover files” to .exe, so that you can install it. When Windows warn you that changing the file extension it may become unusable, choose OK. It’s a simple little thing, don’t worry.

I found it on
www.blind-computing.com

and have tested it. It works for me…